Speakers of the Grand National Assembly of Tรผrkiye (GNAT) have been elected within the framework of certain rules since the first parliament opened on April 23, 1920. Presidential votes are held twice each legislative term; The term of office is two years in the first election, and three years in the second election.
Presidential candidates are notified to the Presidency Council within five days from the day the parliament convenes and are elected by secret ballot. Candidates participating in the first two rounds must receive two-thirds (2/3) of the total number of members. If this ratio cannot be achieved, the third round is held and an absolute majority (one more than half) is sought.
If a majority is not achieved in the third round, the two candidates with the most votes advance to the fourth round; The candidate who receives the most votes in the fourth round is declared the speaker of the Turkish Grand National Assembly.
In the first session of the parliament, the oldest member of parliament serves as the interim president until a president is elected. This practice covers interim presidents who have served since the first session of the first assembly.
Speakers and deputy speakers of the Turkish Grand National Assembly cannot participate in parliamentary discussions or vote except for their duties and obligations outside the political party or group of which they are active members. The duties, electoral quorum, voting procedures and counting of the president and deputy presidents are determined in accordance with the Assembly Internal Regulation.
As of 2026, twelve former GNAT speakers are still alive. The last deceased former president, Hรผsamettin Cindoruk (1933โ2026), died on April 11, 2026, at the age of 92.