Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire

Habsburg Spain

• Viceroyalty of the Indies (until 1521)
• New Spain (from 1521)

Indian auxiliaries:

• Confederacy of Tlaxcala
• Tetzcoco
• Totonacapan
• Huejotzingo
• Zaachila^a
• Purépecha Empire (1522–1529, since 1533)

Support or occasional allies^b:

• Otomi
• Chalco
• Xochimilco
• Mixquic
• Iztapalapa

Aztec Triple Alliance (1519–1521)

• Tenochtitlan
  • Cholula
  • Tlatelolco
  • Chalco
  • Xochimilco
  • Xaltocan
• Tetzcoco (partly, until 1521)
• Tlacopan

Allied city-states:

• Teotitlan

Independent kingdoms and city-states:

• Confederacy of Tlaxcala (1519)
• Purépecha Empire (1522)
• Metztitlan
• Tututepec (1522)
• Yopitzinco
• Colliman (1523)
• Xalisco
• Guamare Confederacy
• Other Chichimecas
• Tonallan
• Yaqui
• Various petty city-states and tribes (map)

---

Governorate of Cuba (1520, see)Commanders and leaders

Spanish commanders:

Hernán Cortés
Pedro de Alvarado
Gonzalo de Sandoval
Cristóbal de Olid
Chichimecatecuhtli
Ixtlilxochitl II of Texcoco

Aztec commanders:

• Moctezuma II †
• Cuitláhuac †
• Cuauhtémoc 
• Juan Velázquez
• Itzquauhtzin of Tlatelolco †
• Cacamatzin of Texcoco †
• Coanacoch of Texcoco 
• Tetlepanquetzal of Tlacopan 

---

Strength

Spaniards (total):

• ~2,500–3,000 infantry
• 90–100 cavalry
• 32 guns
• 13 brigantines

~80,000–200,000 Tlaxcaltecs
~10,000 Totonac (~8,400 followed Cortés from Cempoala)
and high number of other Indian auxiliaries Casualties and losses

1,800 Spaniards dead

• 1,000 killed in battle
• 15+ cannons lost

Tens of thousands of Tlaxcaltecs and Indian auxiliaries dead^{[citation needed]}

200,000 Aztecs dead (including civilians)