As a recipe, Turkish coffee is one of the shortest in the world: water, coffee and, if you like, sugar. Even so, most cups come out with no foam. The reason is almost always the same — the coffee has been boiled.
The foam is made of the oils the coffee brings to the surface while it heats up slowly. The moment the water reaches boiling point that structure falls apart and never comes back. So the secret of good coffee lies not in a technique but in patience.
Measuring
For one cup, one cup of water and a heaped dessert spoon of coffee. Measuring the water with the cup always gives a better result than measuring by eye; the size of the cezve is misleading.
Cold water
Starting with hot water shortens the time but kills the foam. Cold water lets the coffee heat up slowly and the foam form.