Getting a Turkish passport is not a single sitting. You book an appointment first, then prepare your documents and pay the fee, then attend the population office in person so your biometric data can be taken, and finally the printed passport is couriered to your address by PTT. If one link in that chain is missing - an out-of-date photo, an unpaid fee, no parental consent - the appointment is wasted.
This guide walks through which channel to book from, what has to be ready by appointment day, and what to watch for at delivery. Children and accompanying-parent cases are covered separately, because that is where most people get stuck.
One thing worth knowing up front: the Directorate General of Population and Citizenship Affairs states that passports are not extended - a new passport is issued with every application. So when your old one expires, what you file is a fresh application, not a renewal.